Gum Disease

Gum disease, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are serious infections that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone supporting the teeth.

Gum disease can affect one tooth or many teeth. Gum disease begins when the bacteria in plaque, which is the sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on the teeth, causes the gums to become inflamed.

While the main cause of gum disease is bacterial plaque, other factors can also affect the health of your gums. Recent studies indicate that tobacco use may be one of the most significant risk factors in the development and progression of gum disease. In addition, research shows that stress can make it more difficult for the body to fight off infections such as gum disease.

Other risk factors that may contribute to gum disease include genetics, poor nutrition, clenching or grinding your teeth, diabetes, certain medications, and pregnancy.

In the earliest form of gum disease, known as gingivitis, the gums redden, swell and bleed easily. But, there is usually little or no discomfort with gum disease. This stage of gum disease is often caused by inadequate oral hygiene. However, gum disease is reversible with professional treatment and good oral home care.

Untreated gum disease can advance to periodontitis. With time, gum disease can cause plaque to spread and grow below the gum line. As gum disease progresses, deep pockets are created and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed. Eventually, teeth can become loose and may have to be removed.

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